Taw qhia ntawm Epoxide Compounds

1,2-Epoxides yog hu ua epoxides. Lawv yog ib chav kawm ntawm cov tebchaw uas muaj peb-tus tswvcuab cyclic ether qauv, ntawm uas qhov yooj yim compound yog ethylene oxide. Zoo li cyclopropane, epoxides muaj lub nplhaib loj, uas tuaj yeem yog 114.1 kJ / mol.
Vim lub nplhaib nro, epoxides muaj zog ntau dua li cov ethers dav dav thiab tuaj yeem ua rau lub nplhaib qhib kev cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam reagents.
Taw qhia rau cov khoom sib xyaw
1. Cov khoom sawv cev
Ethylene oxide (ethylene oxide), propylene oxide (propylene oxide), 1, 2-butylene oxide (butylene oxide), 1, 4-butylene oxide (tetrahydrofuran), epichlorohydrin (epichlorohydrin), 1, {{ 5}}dioxane, thiab lwm yam.
2. Cov khoom siv
Epoxides xa mus rau peb lub nplhaib sib txuas uas muaj C2O pawg thiab yog hom cyclic ether. Ethylene oxide yog peb tus tswvcuab cyclic ether thiab yog qhov yooj yim cyclic ether. Nws lub nplhaib yog qhov yooj yim qhib thiab tsis siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj. Tsawg-carbon epoxides feem ntau yog kua, soluble hauv dej, cawv, ether, thiab lwm yam.
3. Cov tshuaj tsis sib xws
(1) Epoxides tuaj yeem hlawv hauv huab cua, thiab lawv cov vapors tuaj yeem tsim cov roj sib xyaw nrog huab cua.
(2) Epoxides tuaj yeem tawg thaum sib cuag nrog sulfuric acid, nitric acid, thiab lwm yam.
(3) Epoxides tuaj yeem ua rau tawg polymerization thaum sib cuag nrog covalent halides (xws li txhuas chloride) thiab hlau oxides
(4) Epoxides tuaj yeem ua rau muaj zog polymerization thaum sib cuag nrog cov hauv paus inorganic, ammonia, organic amines, metallic potassium, thiab lwm yam.
(5) Epoxides tuaj yeem ntes hluav taws thaum sib cuag nrog hlau alkoxides (xws li potassium tert-butyl cawv).
(6) Epoxides tuaj yeem tawg thaum sib cuag nrog magnesium perchlorate vim yog tsim ntawm perchlorate esters.
(7) Epoxides tuaj yeem tawg thaum catalyzed los ntawm halide ions vim yog tsim ntawm dichloroacetylene.
(8) Epoxides tuaj yeem tawg thaum kub nrog dej cawv (xws li glycerol) vim muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv khiav tawm.